Classic view
Title 1 - General Provisions
Chapter 1-01 - General Principles and Definitions
Chapter 1-02 - Rules of Interpretation
Chapter 1-03 - Holidays
Chapter 1-04 - Validation of Instruments
Chapter 1-05 - Validation of Execution and Foreclosure Sales
Chapter 1-06 - Validation of Official Acts
Chapter 1-07 - Validation of Municipal Securities
Chapter 1-08 - Miscellaneous
Title 2 - Aeronautics
Chapter 2-02 - Airports and Landing Fields
Chapter 2-03 - Substantive and Jurisdictional Provisions
Chapter 2-04 - Airport Zoning
Chapter 2-05 - Aeronautics Commission
Chapter 2-06 - Airport Authorities Act
Chapter 2-08 - Aircraft and Ultralight Vehicle Dealers
Title 3 - Agency
Chapter 3-01 - Creation and Termination of Agency
Chapter 3-02 - Principal and Agent Relation
Chapter 3-03 - Principal and Third Person Relation
Chapter 3-04 - Agent and Third Person Relation
Chapter 3-05 - Auctioneers
Chapter 3-06 - Factors
Title 4 - Agriculture
Title 4.1 - Agriculture
Chapter 4.1-01 - Agriculture Commissioner
Chapter 4.1-01.1 - Agricultural Products Utilization Commission
Chapter 4.1-02 - Barley Council
Chapter 4.1-03 - Beef Commission
Chapter 4.1-04 - Corn Utilization Council
Chapter 4.1-05 - Dairy Promotion Commission
Chapter 4.1-06 - Dry Bean Council
Chapter 4.1-07 - Dry Pea and Lentil Council
Chapter 4.1-08 - Honey Assessments
Chapter 4.1-09 - Oilseed Council
Chapter 4.1-10 - Potato Council
Chapter 4.1-11 - Soybean Council
Chapter 4.1-12 - Turkey Promotion
Chapter 4.1-13 - Wheat Commission
Chapter 4.1-14 - Forage Certification
Chapter 4.1-15 - Northern Crops Institute
Chapter 4.1-16 - Beekeeping
Chapter 4.1-17 - Ginseng
Chapter 4.1-18.1 - Hemp
Chapter 4.1-19 - Eggs and Poultry
Chapter 4.1-20 - Soil Conservation
Chapter 4.1-21 - Forestry
Chapter 4.1-22 - Nurseries
Chapter 4.1-23 - Plant Pests
Chapter 4.1-25 - Dairy Product Regulation
Chapter 4.1-26 - Milk Marketing Board
Chapter 4.1-27 - Livestock Auction Markets
Chapter 4.1-28 - Video Livestock Auction Markets
Chapter 4.1-30 - Livestock Purchased by Packing Plants
Chapter 4.1-31 - Meat Inspection
Chapter 4.1-32 - Rendering Plants
Chapter 4.1-33 - Pesticide Control
Chapter 4.1-34 - Pesticide Registration
Chapter 4.1-35 - Chemigation Regulation
Chapter 4.1-36 - Pesticide and Pesticide Container Disposal Program
Chapter 4.1-37 - Anhydrous Ammonia Facilities
Chapter 4.1-38 - Anhydrous Ammonia Risk Management
Chapter 4.1-39 - Crop Protection Products
Chapter 4.1-40 - Fertilizer and Soil Conditioner
Chapter 4.1-41 - Commercial Feed
Chapter 4.1-43 - Livestock Medicine
Chapter 4.1-44 - Miscellaneous
Chapter 4.1-45 - State Fair Association
Chapter 4.1-47 - Noxious Weed Control
Chapter 4.1-48 - Potato Production Contracts
Chapter 4.1-52 - Seed Department and Seed Commission
Chapter 4.1-53 - Seeds
Chapter 4.1-54 - Seed Arbitration Board
Chapter 4.1-55 - Seed Potatoes
Chapter 4.1-56 - Seed Potato Control Areas
Chapter 4.1-57 - Potato Dealers
Chapter 4.1-58 - Grain and Seed Warehouses
Chapter 4.1-59 - Grain Buyers
Chapter 4.1-60 - Uniform Accounting for Public Elevators and Warehouses
Chapter 4.1-61 - Credit-Sale Contract Indemnity
Chapter 4.1-72 - Stockmen's Association
Chapter 4.1-73 - Branding Livestock
Chapter 4.1-74 - Registered Livestock
Chapter 4.1-75 - Estrays
Chapter 4.1-83 - Livestock Dealers
Title 5 - Alcoholic Beverages
Chapter 5-01 - General Provisions
Chapter 5-02 - Retail Licensing
Chapter 5-03 - Beer and Liquor Wholesalers - Taxation
Chapter 5-04 - Beer Wholesaler and Brewer Relationships
Title 6 - Banks and Banking
Chapter 6-01 - Department of Financial Institutions
Chapter 6-02 - Organization and Qualification of Banks
Chapter 6-03 - Powers, Management, and Operation of Banks
Chapter 6-05 - Annuity, Safe Deposit, Surety, and Trust Companies
Chapter 6-05.1 - Subsidiary Trust Companies
Chapter 6-05.2 - Fiduciary Powers
Chapter 6-06 - Credit Unions
Chapter 6-07.1 - Dissolution and Liquidation of Trust Companies
Chapter 6-07.2 - Dissolution, Insolvency, Suspension, Receivership, and Liquidation
Chapter 6-08 - General Provisions
Chapter 6-08.1 - Disclosure of Customer Information
Chapter 6-08.2 - Sale of Banking Institutions Owned by Charitable Trusts
Chapter 6-08.3 - Reciprocal Interstate Banking
Chapter 6-08.4 - Interstate Branching
Chapter 6-08.5 - Financial Exploitation Prevention
Chapter 6-09 - The Bank of North Dakota
Chapter 6-09.4 - Public Finance Authority
Chapter 6-09.7 - Fuel Production Facility Loan Guarantee Program
Chapter 6-09.8 - Beginning Farmer Loan Guarantee Program
Chapter 6-09.9 - Family Farm Survival Act
Chapter 6-09.10 - Credit Review Board and Agricultural Mediation
Chapter 6-09.11 - Financial Assistance for Family Farmers
Chapter 6-09.12 - Oil and Gas Development Loans
Chapter 6-09.13 - Agriculture Partnership in Assisting Community Expansion
Chapter 6-09.14 - Partnership in Assisting Community Expansion
Chapter 6-09.15 - Beginning Entrepreneur Loan Guarantee Program
Chapter 6-09.16 - Nursing Facility Alternative Loans
Chapter 6-09.18 - Advancement Innovation Loans
Chapter 6-10 - Agents for Deposits
Chapter 6-13 - Self-Critical Analysis Privilege of Financial Institutions
Chapter 6-14 - Unauthorized Use of Name or Logo
Chapter 6-15 - Merchant Codes for Firearm and Ammunition Purchases
Title 7 - Building and Loan Associations
Title 8 - Carriage
Chapter 8-01 - General Provisions
Chapter 8-02 - Carriage of Persons
Chapter 8-03 - Carriage of Property
Chapter 8-05 - Freightage
Chapter 8-06 - Carriage of Messages
Chapter 8-07 - General Provisions Relating to Common Carriers
Chapter 8-08 - Common Carriers of Persons
Chapter 8-09 - Common Carriers of Property
Chapter 8-10 - Common Carriers of Messages
Chapter 8-11.1 - Midwest Interstate Passenger Rail Compact
Chapter 8-12 - Autonomous Vehicles
Title 9 - Contracts and Obligations
Chapter 9-01 - General Provisions
Chapter 9-02 - Parties
Chapter 9-03 - Consent
Chapter 9-04 - Object
Chapter 9-05 - Consideration
Chapter 9-06 - Formation of Contract
Chapter 9-07 - Interpretation of Contract
Chapter 9-08 - Unlawful and Voidable Contracts
Chapter 9-09 - Extinction, Rescission, Alteration, and Cancellation
Chapter 9-10 - Obligations Imposed by Law
Chapter 9-11 - Transfer and Performance of Obligation or Offer
Chapter 9-12 - Extinction of Obligation
Chapter 9-13 - Release and Substitutions of Obligation
Chapter 9-14 - Invention Development Services Contracts
Chapter 9-15.2 - Revised Uniform Athlete Agents Act
Chapter 9-16 - Electronic Transactions
Title 10 - Corporations
Chapter 10-01.1 - Registered Agents Act
Chapter 10-04 - Supervision of Issue and Sale of Securities
Chapter 10-06.1 - Corporate or Limited Liability Company Farming
Chapter 10-12 - Mutual Aid Cooperatives
Chapter 10-13 - Electric Cooperative Corporations
Chapter 10-15 - Cooperative Associations
Chapter 10-19.1 - North Dakota Business Corporation Act
Chapter 10-29 - Lost Stock and Transfer Books
Chapter 10-30 - Development Corporations
Chapter 10-30.5 - North Dakota Development Fund, Incorporated
Chapter 10-30.6 - Community Development Corporations
Chapter 10-31 - Professional Organizations Act
Chapter 10-32.1 - Uniform Limited Liability Company Act
Chapter 10-33 - Nonprofit Corporations
Chapter 10-34 - Real Estate Investment Trusts
Chapter 10-35 - Publicly Traded Corporations
Chapter 10-36 - Nonprofit Limited Liability Company Act
Title 11 - Counties
Chapter 11-01 - Names and Boundaries of Counties
Chapter 11-03 - Division of Counties
Chapter 11-04 - County Seat Location and Removal
Chapter 11-05 - Consolidation of Counties
Chapter 11-05.1 - County Consolidation Committee
Chapter 11-06 - Changing County Lines
Chapter 11-07 - Redistricting County
Chapter 11-08 - County Consolidated Office Form of County Government
Chapter 11-09 - County Managership
Chapter 11-09.1 - Home Rule Counties
Chapter 11-09.2 - County Lodging Tax
Chapter 11-10 - General Provisions
Chapter 11-10.1 - County Director of Tax Equalization
Chapter 11-10.2 - County Officer Combination, Separation, and Redesignation
Chapter 11-10.3 - Multisubdivisions Office Combinations
Chapter 11-11 - Board of County Commissioners
Chapter 11-11.1 - Job Development Authorities
Chapter 11-12 - Changing Number of County Commissioners
Chapter 11-13 - County Auditor
Chapter 11-14 - County Treasurer
Chapter 11-15 - Sheriff
Chapter 11-16 - State's Attorney
Chapter 11-18 - Recorder
Chapter 11-19.1 - Medical County Coroner
Chapter 11-20 - County Surveyor
Chapter 11-21 - Public Administrator
Chapter 11-22 - Deposit of Funds Held in Trust by County Officers
Chapter 11-23 - County Budget
Chapter 11-24 - Maps and Plats
Chapter 11-25 - County Warrants
Chapter 11-27 - Transfer of County Property
Chapter 11-28 - County Parks and Recreational Areas
Chapter 11-28.1 - County Special Service Districts
Chapter 11-28.2 - Recreation Service Districts
Chapter 11-28.3 - Rural Ambulance Service Districts
Chapter 11-30 - Disorganization of Counties
Chapter 11-31 - County Highway Engineer
Chapter 11-32 - Memorials
Chapter 11-33 - County Zoning
Chapter 11-33.2 - Subdivision Regulation
Chapter 11-35 - Regional Planning and Zoning Commissions
Chapter 11-38 - County Agents
Chapter 11-39 - Agriculture Fair Associations
Title 12 - Corrections, Parole, and Probation
Chapter 12-44.1 - Jails and Regional Correction Centers
Chapter 12-45 - Death of Inmates
Chapter 12-46 - North Dakota Youth Correctional Center
Chapter 12-47 - The Penitentiary
Chapter 12-48 - Employment of Inmates of the Penitentiary
Chapter 12-48.1 - Work Release Programs
Chapter 12-52 - Aftercare Program for Youth Correctional Center
Chapter 12-54.1 - Sentence Reduction for Good or Meritorious Conduct
Chapter 12-55.1 - Pardon Advisory Board
Chapter 12-59 - Parole
Chapter 12-60 - Bureau of Criminal Investigation
Chapter 12-60.1 - Sealing Criminal Records
Chapter 12-62 - Criminal Justice Training and Statistics Division
Chapter 12-63 - Peace Officer Standards, Training, and Licensing
Chapter 12-65 - Interstate Compact for Adult Offender Supervision
Chapter 12-66 - Interstate Compact for Juveniles
Chapter 12-67 - Home Detention and Monitoring for Certain Offenders
Chapter 12-68 - Missing Person Reports
Title 12.1 - Criminal Code
Chapter 12.1-01 - Application - Purposes - Proof - Definitions
Chapter 12.1-02 - Liability and Culpability
Chapter 12.1-03 - Accomplices - Corporations - Agents
Chapter 12.1-04 - Juveniles - Intoxication - Fitness to Proceed
Chapter 12.1-04.1 - Criminal Responsibility and Post-Trial Responsibility Act
Chapter 12.1-05 - Justification - Excuse - Affirmative Defenses
Chapter 12.1-06 - Criminal Attempt - Facilitation - Solicitation - Conspiracy
Chapter 12.1-06.1 - Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations
Chapter 12.1-06.2 - Criminal Street Gangs
Chapter 12.1-07 - Treason - Flag Desecration
Chapter 12.1-08 - Obstruction of Law Enforcement - Escape
Chapter 12.1-09 - Tampering and Unlawful Influence
Chapter 12.1-10 - Contempt - Obstruction of Judicial Proceedings
Chapter 12.1-11 - Perjury - Falsification - Breach of Duty
Chapter 12.1-12 - Bribery - Unlawful Influence of Public Servants
Chapter 12.1-13 - Confidential Information - Conflict of Interest - Impersonation
Chapter 12.1-14 - Official Oppression - Elections - Civil Rights
Chapter 12.1-15 - Defamation - Interception of Communications
Chapter 12.1-16 - Homicide
Chapter 12.1-17 - Assaults - Threats - Coercion - Harassment
Chapter 12.1-17.1 - Offenses Against Unborn Children
Chapter 12.1-18 - Kidnapping
Chapter 12.1-19.1 - Abortion
Chapter 12.1-20 - Sex Offenses
Chapter 12.1-21 - Damaging Property or Public Services
Chapter 12.1-21.1 - Animal Research Facility Damage
Chapter 12.1-22 - Robbery - Breaking and Entering Offenses
Chapter 12.1-23 - Theft and Related Offenses
Chapter 12.1-23.1 - Theft of Cable Television
Chapter 12.1-24 - Forgery and Counterfeiting
Chapter 12.1-25 - Riot
Chapter 12.1-27.1 - Obscenity Control
Chapter 12.1-27.2 - Sexual Performances by Children
Chapter 12.1-28 - Gambling and Related Offenses
Chapter 12.1-29 - Prostitution
Chapter 12.1-30 - Sunday Closing Law
Chapter 12.1-31 - Miscellaneous Offenses
Chapter 12.1-31.2 - Disorderly Conduct Restraining Order
Chapter 12.1-32 - Penalties and Sentencing
Chapter 12.1-33 - Rights of Convicts
Chapter 12.1-34 - Fair Treatment of Victims and Witnesses
Chapter 12.1-35 - Child Victim and Witness Fair Treatment Standards
Chapter 12.1-36 - Female Genital Mutilation
Chapter 12.1-36.1 - Minor Sex Change Treatment
Chapter 12.1-37 - Child Support Nonpayment
Chapter 12.1-38 - Assumption of Risk in Crimes
Chapter 12.1-39 - Human Cloning
Chapter 12.1-41 - Uniform Act on Prevention of and Remedies for Human Trafficking
Title 13 - Debtor and Creditor Relationship
Chapter 13-01 - General Provisions
Chapter 13-01.1 - Interest on Delinquent Accounts
Chapter 13-02.1 - Uniform Voidable Transactions Act
Chapter 13-04.1 - Money Brokers
Chapter 13-05 - Collection Agencies
Chapter 13-07 - Consumer Credit Counseling Services
Chapter 13-08 - Deferred Presentment Service Providers
Chapter 13-09.1 - Money Transmitters
Chapter 13-10 - Mortgage Loan Originators
Chapter 13-11 - Debt-Settlement Providers
Chapter 13-12 - Residential Mortgage Lenders
Chapter 13-13 - Residential Mortgage Loan Services
Title 14 - Domestic Relations and Persons
Chapter 14-01 - Powers of Incompetents
Chapter 14-02 - Personal Rights
Chapter 14-02.1 - Abortion Control Act
Chapter 14-02.2 - Fetal Experimentation
Chapter 14-02.3 - Limitation of Abortion
Chapter 14-02.4 - Human Rights
Chapter 14-02.5 - Housing Discrimination
Chapter 14-02.6 - Partial-Birth Abortion
Chapter 14-03 - Marriage Contract
Chapter 14-03.2 - Uniform Premarital and Marital Agreements Act
Chapter 14-04 - Annulment of Marriage
Chapter 14-05 - Divorce
Chapter 14-06.1 - Displaced Homemaker Program
Chapter 14-07 - Husband and Wife
Chapter 14-07.1 - Domestic Violence
Chapter 14-07.3 - Minors' Counseling Information Privacy
Chapter 14-07.4 - Uniform Interstate Enforcement of Protection Orders Act
Chapter 14-07.5 - Uniform Recognition and Enforcement of Canadian Protection Orders Act
Chapter 14-07.6 - Abusive Litigation
Chapter 14-08 - Action for Spousal or Child Support
Chapter 14-08.1 - Civil Remedies for Child Support
Chapter 14-09 - Parent and Child
Chapter 14-09.1 - Contested Child Proceedings Mediation
Chapter 14-09.2 - Parental Rights and Responsibilities
Chapter 14-09.3 - Uniform Deployed Parents Custody and Visitation Act
Chapter 14-09.4 - Uniform Nonparent Custody and Visitation Act
Chapter 14-10 - Minors
Chapter 14-10.1 - Uniform Securities Ownership by Minors Act
Chapter 14-10.2 - Uniform Minor Student Capacity to Borrow Act
Chapter 14-12.2 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act
Chapter 14-13 - Interstate Child Placement Compact
Chapter 14-14.1 - Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act
Chapter 14-15 - Revised Uniform Adoption Act
Chapter 14-15.1 - Child Relinquishment to Identified Adoptive Parents
Chapter 14-18 - Uniform Status of Children of Assisted Conception Act
Chapter 14-19 - Paternity Acknowledgment
Chapter 14-20 - Uniform Parentage Act
Title 15 - Education
Chapter 15-01 - Board of University and School Lands
Chapter 15-02 - Commissioner of University and School Lands
Chapter 15-03 - Investment of Funds
Chapter 15-04 - Leases of Original Grant Lands for Agricultural Purposes
Chapter 15-05 - Leasing Coal, Oil, Gas, and Other Rights
Chapter 15-06 - Sale of Original Grant Lands
Chapter 15-07 - Sale and Lease of Nongrant Lands
Chapter 15-08 - Provisions Relating to Original Grant and to Nongrant Lands
Chapter 15-08.1 - Transfer of Possessory Interests in Realty
Chapter 15-09 - Condemnation of Public Lands and Sales in Lieu Thereof
Chapter 15-10 - The State Board of Higher Education
Chapter 15-10.1 - Reciprocal Higher Education Agreements
Chapter 15-10.3 - Student Fees
Chapter 15-10.4 - Campus Free Speech Policy
Chapter 15-10.5 - Midwestern Regional Higher Education Compact
Chapter 15-10.6 - Athletic Team Participant Designation
Chapter 15-10.7 - Specified Concepts
Chapter 15-11 - State University and School of Mines
Chapter 15-12 - State University of Agriculture and Applied Science
Chapter 15-12.1 - Agriculture Experiment Station and Agricultural Research
Chapter 15-13 - State Normal Schools
Chapter 15-15 - School of Science
Chapter 15-16 - School of Forestry
Chapter 15-17 - Institutional Holding Associations
Chapter 15-18 - Junior Colleges
Chapter 15-18.1 - Postsecondary Education Institution Minimum Standards
Chapter 15-18.2 - State Aid for Institutions of Higher Education
Chapter 15-19 - Distance Education
Chapter 15-20.1 - Career and Technical Education
Chapter 15-20.2 - Area Career and Technology Centers
Chapter 15-20.4 - Postsecondary Educational Institutions
Chapter 15-39.1 - Teachers' Fund for Retirement
Chapter 15-39.2 - Teacher Retirement Options
Chapter 15-52 - State Medical Center
Chapter 15-54.1 - University System Capital Building Fund
Chapter 15-55 - Construction of Revenue-Producing Buildings
Chapter 15-62.1 - Guarantee Loan Program
Chapter 15-62.4 - Student Financial Assistance Program
Chapter 15-62.5 - Scholars Program
Chapter 15-63 - Native American Scholarships
Chapter 15-68 - Indian Cultural Education Trust
Chapter 15-68.1 - American Indian Language Preservation
Chapter 15-70 - Tribally Controlled Community College Assistance
Chapter 15-71 - Biomass Energy Center
Chapter 15-72 - Coal Mine Reclamation Trust
Title 15.1 - Elementary and Secondary Education
Chapter 15.1-01 - State Board of Public School Education
Chapter 15.1-02 - Superintendent of Public Instruction
Chapter 15.1-03 - Department of Public Instruction
Chapter 15.1-04 - Compact for Education
Chapter 15.1-04.1 - Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military Children
Chapter 15.1-06 - Schools
Chapter 15.1-07 - School Districts
Chapter 15.1-08 - School Districts for Military Installations
Chapter 15.1-09 - School Boards
Chapter 15.1-09.1 - Regional Education Associations
Chapter 15.1-10 - County Committee
Chapter 15.1-11 - County Superintendent of Schools
Chapter 15.1-12 - Annexation, Reorganization, and Dissolution
Chapter 15.1-13 - Teacher Licensing
Chapter 15.1-14 - Administrators
Chapter 15.1-15 - Contracts of Teachers and Administrators
Chapter 15.1-16 - Teacher Representation and Negotiation
Chapter 15.1-17 - Teacher Personnel Files
Chapter 15.1-18 - Teacher Qualifications
Chapter 15.1-18.1 - Teacher Certification
Chapter 15.1-18.2 - Professional Development Plans
Chapter 15.1-19 - Students and Safety
Chapter 15.1-20 - School Attendance
Chapter 15.1-21 - Curriculum and Testing
Chapter 15.1-22 - Kindergarten
Chapter 15.1-23 - Home Education
Chapter 15.1-24 - Chemical Abuse Prevention
Chapter 15.1-25 - Postsecondary Enrollment
Chapter 15.1-26 - Adult Education
Chapter 15.1-27 - State Aid
Chapter 15.1-28 - State Tuition Fund
Chapter 15.1-29 - Nonresident Tuition and Reciprocity
Chapter 15.1-30 - Transportation of Students
Chapter 15.1-31 - Open Enrollment
Chapter 15.1-32 - Special Education
Chapter 15.1-33 - Multidistrict Special Education
Chapter 15.1-34 - Students With Disabilities Boarding Home Care
Chapter 15.1-35 - Child Nutrition and Food Distribution Programs
Chapter 15.1-36 - School Construction
Chapter 15.1-37 - Early Childhood Education Program
Chapter 15.1-38 - English Language Learners Instruction
Chapter 15.1-39 - Athletic Team Participant Designation
Title 16 - Elections
Title 16.1 - Elections
Chapter 16.1-01 - General Provisions
Chapter 16.1-02 - Central Voter File
Chapter 16.1-03 - Party Committee Organization
Chapter 16.1-04 - Precincts and Voting Places
Chapter 16.1-05 - Election Officers
Chapter 16.1-06 - Ballots - Voting Machines - Electronic Voting Systems
Chapter 16.1-07 - Absent Voters' Ballots and Absentee Voting
Chapter 16.1-08.1 - Campaign Contribution Statements
Chapter 16.1-09 - Statement of Interests
Chapter 16.1-10 - Corrupt Practices
Chapter 16.1-11 - Nominations for Office - Primary Election
Chapter 16.1-11.1 - Mail Ballot Elections
Chapter 16.1-12 - Certificates of Nomination - Vacancies
Chapter 16.1-13 - General Elections
Chapter 16.1-14 - Presidential Electors
Chapter 16.1-14.1 - Uniform Faithful Presidential Electors Act
Chapter 16.1-15 - Canvass of Votes - Canvassing Boards
Chapter 16.1-16 - Recounts and Contest of Elections
Title 17 - Energy
Chapter 17-01 - 25x'25 Initiative
Chapter 17-02 - Ethanol Production Incentives
Chapter 17-03 - Biodiesel Partnership in Assisting Community Expansion
Chapter 17-04 - Wind Energy Property Rights
Chapter 17-05 - Transmission Authority
Chapter 17-06 - Ethanol Council
Chapter 17-07 - Energy Policy Commission
Title 18 - Fires
Chapter 18-01 - State Fire Marshal Department
Chapter 18-02 - Forest Fire Wardens
Chapter 18-03 - Firefighter's Association
Chapter 18-04 - Distribution of Insurance Tax to Fire Departments
Chapter 18-05 - Firefighters Relief Association and Pension Fund
Chapter 18-05.1 - Firefighters Death Benefits
Chapter 18-06 - Firefighting Equipment
Chapter 18-07 - Firebreaks in Counties
Chapter 18-08 - General Provisions
Chapter 18-09 - Liquefied Petroleum Gas Regulation
Chapter 18-10 - Rural Fire Protection Districts
Chapter 18-11 - Alternate Firefighters Relief Association Plan
Chapter 18-12 - Fire Prevention Code for School Buildings
Chapter 18-13 - Ignition Propensity for Cigarettes
Chapter 18-14 - Interstate Wildland Fire Compact
Title 19 - Foods, Drugs, Oils, and Compounds
Chapter 19-01 - Administration
Chapter 19-02.1 - North Dakota Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
Chapter 19-03.1 - Uniform Controlled Substances Act
Chapter 19-03.2 - Imitation Controlled Substances
Chapter 19-03.3 - Controlled Substances for Care and Treatment
Chapter 19-03.4 - Drug Paraphernalia
Chapter 19-03.5 - Prescription Drug Monitoring Program
Chapter 19-03.6 - Pharmacy Records Audits
Chapter 19-04 - Poisons and Deleterious Preparations
Chapter 19-05.1 - Food Donated to Charity
Chapter 19-06.1 - Honey
Chapter 19-08 - Beverages
Chapter 19-17 - Flour and Bread Standards
Chapter 19-21 - Labeling of Hazardous Substances
Chapter 19-22 - Labeling of Potatoes as to Grade
Chapter 19-22.1 - Sale of Artificially Colored Potatoes
Chapter 19-23 - Food Provider Limited Liability for Obesity
Chapter 19-24.1 - Medical Marijuana
Title 20 - Game, Fish, and Predators
Title 20.1 - Game, Fish, Predators, and Boating
Chapter 20.1-01 - General Provisions
Chapter 20.1-02 - Game and Fish Department
Chapter 20.1-03 - Licenses and Permits
Chapter 20.1-04 - Birds, Regulations
Chapter 20.1-05 - Big Game Animals, Regulations
Chapter 20.1-05.1 - Special Allocation Hunting License
Chapter 20.1-06 - Fish, Frog, and Turtle Regulations
Chapter 20.1-07 - Fur-Bearing Animals, Regulations
Chapter 20.1-08 - Governor's Proclamations
Chapter 20.1-09 - Propagation of Protected Birds and Animals
Chapter 20.1-10 - Confiscation
Chapter 20.1-11 - Game Refuges and Game Management Areas
Chapter 20.1-12 - Private Shooting Preserves
Chapter 20.1-13 - Boating Regulation
Chapter 20.1-13.1 - Intoxication Testing of Boat Operators
Chapter 20.1-14 - Falconry
Chapter 20.1-15 - Intoxication Testing of Hunters
Chapter 20.1-16 - Interstate Wildlife Violator Compact
Chapter 20.1-17 - Aquatic Nuisance Species
Title 21 - Governmental Finance
Chapter 21-01 - Payment and Registration of Warrants
Chapter 21-02 - Certificates of Indebtedness
Chapter 21-02.1 - Evidence of Indebtedness Proceedings - Judicial Review
Chapter 21-03 - Bonds
Chapter 21-03.1 - Registration of Public Obligations
Chapter 21-04 - Depositories of Public Funds
Chapter 21-05 - Claims Against Townships and Counties
Chapter 21-06 - Miscellaneous Provisions
Chapter 21-07 - Sinking Fund Levy and Collection Records
Chapter 21-09 - Bond Validating Act
Chapter 21-10 - State Investment Board
Chapter 21-12 - Private Activity Bond Ceiling Allocation
Chapter 21-13 - Political Subdivision Borrowing
Title 22 - Guaranty, Indemnity, and Suretyship
Chapter 22-01 - Guaranty
Chapter 22-02 - Indemnity
Chapter 22-03 - Suretyship
Title 23 - Health and Safety
Chapter 23-01 - Health Division
Chapter 23-01.1 - Health Care Data Committee
Chapter 23-01.2 - Trauma and Emergency Medical System
Chapter 23-01.3 - Health Information Protection
Chapter 23-02.1 - Health Statistics Act
Chapter 23-06 - Care and Custody of Dead
Chapter 23-06.3 - Uniform Determination of Death Act
Chapter 23-06.5 - Health Care Directives
Chapter 23-06.6 - Uniform Anatomical Gift Act
Chapter 23-07 - Reportable Diseases
Chapter 23-07.1 - Tuberculosis Treatment
Chapter 23-07.2 - Hemophilia Assistance
Chapter 23-07.4 - Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Health Procedures
Chapter 23-07.5 - Bloodborne Pathogen Testing
Chapter 23-07.6 - Communicable Disease Confinement Procedure
Chapter 23-07.7 - Court-Ordered Testing for Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Chapter 23-09 - Food and Lodging Establishments and Assisted Living Facilities
Chapter 23-09.1 - Bed and Breakfast Facilities
Chapter 23-09.2 - Food Preparer Education
Chapter 23-09.3 - Basic Care Facilities
Chapter 23-09.4 - Residential Care for Autistic Children
Chapter 23-09.5 - Cottage Food Production and Sales
Chapter 23-10 - Mobile Home Parks, Trailer Parks, and Campgrounds
Chapter 23-11 - Housing Authorities Law
Chapter 23-12 - Public Health, Miscellaneous Provisions
Chapter 23-13 - Safety Regulations
Chapter 23-15 - Fireworks
Chapter 23-15.1 - Model Rockets
Chapter 23-16 - Licensing Medical Hospitals
Chapter 23-16.1 - Medical Hospital Receivership
Chapter 23-17 - Licensing Chiropractic Hospitals
Chapter 23-17.3 - Home Health Agency Licensure
Chapter 23-17.4 - Hospice Programs
Chapter 23-17.6 - Extended Stay Center Registration
Chapter 23-17.7 - Residential End-of-Life Facility Regulation
Chapter 23-21 - Disinterment and Removal of Bodies in Cemeteries
Chapter 23-21.1 - Cemetery Organizations
Chapter 23-23 - Cancer Cures or Treatments
Chapter 23-23.1 - Laetrile
Chapter 23-24 - Vector Control Districts
Chapter 23-27 - Emergency Medical Services Operations Licenses
Chapter 23-27.1 - Emergency Medical Services Personnel Licensure Interstate Compact
Chapter 23-28 - Uniform Duties to Disabled Persons
Chapter 23-30 - Hospital Districts
Chapter 23-34 - Medical Peer Review Records
Chapter 23-35 - Public Health Units
Chapter 23-35.1 - Regional Public Health Networks
Chapter 23-36 - Rabies Control
Chapter 23-38.1 - Cardiac Ready Community Grant Program
Chapter 23-39 - Tanning Facilities
Chapter 23-41 - Children With Special Health Care Needs
Chapter 23-43 - Stroke Centers and Care
Chapter 23-44 - Nurse Aide Registry
Chapter 23-45 - Umbilical Cord Blood Disposition
Chapter 23-46 - Emergency Medical Services
Chapter 23-47 - Acute Cardiovascular Emergency Medical System
Chapter 23-48 - Experimental Drugs
Chapter 23-49 - Hospital Discharge Policies
Chapter 23-50 - Drug Fatalities Review Panel
Chapter 23-51 - Maternal Mortality Review Committee
Title 23.1 - Environmental Quality
Chapter 23.1-01 - Department of Environmental Quality
Chapter 23.1-02 - Radiation
Chapter 23.1-03 - Ionizing Radiation Development
Chapter 23.1-04 - Hazardous Waste Management
Chapter 23.1-05 - Southwestern Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Compact
Chapter 23.1-06 - Air Pollution Control
Chapter 23.1-07 - Water Distribution and Wastewater Systems Operators
Chapter 23.1-08 - Solid Waste Management and Land Protection
Chapter 23.1-10 - Environmental Emergency Costs
Chapter 23.1-11 - Ground Water Protection
Chapter 23.1-12 - Petroleum Release Remediation
Chapter 23.1-13 - Petroleum Products
Chapter 23.1-14 - Antifreeze Regulation
Chapter 23.1-15 - Abandoned Motor Vehicles
Chapter 23.1-16 - Boiler Inspection
Title 24 - Highways, Bridges, and Ferries
Chapter 24-01 - State Highway System
Chapter 24-02 - Director of the Department of Transportation
Chapter 24-03 - Construction and Maintenance of State Highway System
Chapter 24-04 - Federal Aid
Chapter 24-05 - County Roads
Chapter 24-06 - Local Road Improvements
Chapter 24-07 - Opening and Vacating Highways
Chapter 24-08 - Bridges
Chapter 24-09 - Railroad Crossings
Chapter 24-10 - Cattle Guards and Gateways
Chapter 24-12 - Miscellaneous Provisions
Chapter 24-15 - Temporary Roadblocks
Chapter 24-16 - Establishment of Junkyards Adjacent to Highways
Chapter 24-17 - Advertising Adjacent to Highways
Chapter 24-18 - Limited Transportation Network
Title 25 - Mental and Physical Illness or Disability
Chapter 25-01 - General Provisions
Chapter 25-01.1 - Institutional Management
Chapter 25-01.2 - Developmental Disability
Chapter 25-01.3 - Committee on Protection and Advocacy
Chapter 25-02 - State Hospital
Chapter 25-03.1 - Commitment Procedures
Chapter 25-03.2 - Residential Treatment Centers for Children
Chapter 25-03.3 - Commitment of Sexually Dangerous Individuals
Chapter 25-04 - Care of Developmentally Disabled
Chapter 25-06 - Education of Blind Persons
Chapter 25-07 - Education of Deaf Persons
Chapter 25-11 - Interstate Mental Health Compact
Chapter 25-13 - Blind and Disabled Persons' Activities
Chapter 25-14 - Interstate Compact on Mentally Disordered Offenders
Chapter 25-16 - Residential Care and Services for the Developmentally Disabled
Chapter 25-16.1 - Receivers for Developmentally Disabled Facilities
Chapter 25-16.2 - Work Activity Center Contract Awards
Chapter 25-17 - Testing and Treatment of Newborns
Chapter 25-18 - Fee for Service Ratesetting for Developmentally Disabled Facilities
Title 26 - Insurance
Title 26.1 - Insurance
Chapter 26.1-01 - Insurance Commissioner
Chapter 26.1-02 - General Provisions
Chapter 26.1-02.1 - Insurance Fraud
Chapter 26.1-02.2 - Insurance Data Security
Chapter 26.1-03 - Examinations, Reports, and Tax
Chapter 26.1-03.1 - Risk-Based Capital Reports
Chapter 26.1-03.2 - Risk-Based Capital for Health Organizations
Chapter 26.1-04 - Prohibited Practices in Insurance Business
Chapter 26.1-05 - Organization and Operation of Domestic Companies
Chapter 26.1-06 - Takeover Bids for Domestic Companies
Chapter 26.1-06.1 - Insurance Company Rehabilitation and Liquidation
Chapter 26.1-06.2 - Administrative Supervision
Chapter 26.1-07 - Consolidation or Reinsurance of Domestic Companies
Chapter 26.1-07.1 - Jurisdiction Over Providers of Health Care Benefits
Chapter 26.1-08 - Comprehensive Health Association
Chapter 26.1-09 - Reciprocal or Interinsurance Exchanges
Chapter 26.1-10 - Insurance Holding Company Systems
Chapter 26.1-10.1 - Asset and Agreement Reports
Chapter 26.1-10.2 - Own Risk and Solvency Assessments
Chapter 26.1-10.3 - Corporate Governance Annual Disclosure
Chapter 26.1-11 - Foreign Insurance Companies
Chapter 26.1-12 - Incorporated Mutual Insurance Companies
Chapter 26.1-12.1 - Mutual Insurance Company Reorganization
Chapter 26.1-12.2 - Mutual Property and Casualty Insurance Company Conversion
Chapter 26.1-13 - County Mutual Insurance Companies
Chapter 26.1-14 - Medical Malpractice Insurance
Chapter 26.1-15.1 - Fraternal Benefit Societies
Chapter 26.1-16 - Benevolent Societies
Chapter 26.1-17 - Nonprofit Health Service Corporations
Chapter 26.1-17.1 - Prepaid Limited Health Service Organizations
Chapter 26.1-18.1 - Health Maintenance Organizations
Chapter 26.1-19 - Prepaid Legal Services
Chapter 26.1-20 - Title Insurance Companies
Chapter 26.1-20.1 - Insurance Premium Finance Companies
Chapter 26.1-21 - State Bonding Fund
Chapter 26.1-22 - State Fire and Tornado Fund
Chapter 26.1-23.1 - Government Self-Insurance Pools
Chapter 26.1-24 - The Insurance Premium
Chapter 26.1-25 - Fire, Property, and Casualty Insurance Rates
Chapter 26.1-25.1 - Personal Insurance Credit Information
Chapter 26.1-25.2 - Personal Insurance Claims History
Chapter 26.1-26 - Insurance Producers and Consultants
Chapter 26.1-26.1 - Independent Insurance Agent Contract Termination
Chapter 26.1-26.3 - Managing General Agents
Chapter 26.1-26.4 - Health Care Service Utilization Review
Chapter 26.1-26.5 - Insurance Broker Controlled Insurer
Chapter 26.1-26.6 - Bail Bond Agents
Chapter 26.1-26.7 - Portable Electronics Insurance
Chapter 26.1-26.8 - Public Adjusters
Chapter 26.1-26.9 - Self-Service Storage Insurance
Chapter 26.1-27 - Administrators of Life or Health Insurance or Annuities
Chapter 26.1-27.1 - Pharmacy Benefits Management
Chapter 26.1-28 - Insurance Vending Machines
Chapter 26.1-29 - Insurance Contracts
Chapter 26.1-30 - Insurance Policies
Chapter 26.1-30.1 - Cancellation and Nonrenewal of Commercial Insurance
Chapter 26.1-31 - Reinsurance and Double Insurance
Chapter 26.1-31.1 - Reinsurance Intermediaries
Chapter 26.1-31.2 - Reinsurance Credit
Chapter 26.1-32 - Loss and Notice of Loss
Chapter 26.1-33 - Life Insurance
Chapter 26.1-33.4 - Life Settlements
Chapter 26.1-34 - Annuities
Chapter 26.1-34.1 - Charitable Gift Annuities
Chapter 26.1-34.2 - Annuity Transaction Practices
Chapter 26.1-35 - Standard Valuation Law
Chapter 26.1-36 - Accident and Health Insurance
Chapter 26.1-36.1 - Medicare Supplement Policies
Chapter 26.1-36.3 - Small Employer Employee Health Insurance
Chapter 26.1-36.4 - Hospital and Medical Insurance
Chapter 26.1-36.5 - Health Coverage for Children
Chapter 26.1-36.6 - Self-Insurance Health Plans
Chapter 26.1-36.7 - Reinsurance Association
Chapter 26.1-36.8 - Short-Term Limited-Duration Health Insurance Plans
Chapter 26.1-36.9 - Dental Benefit Plans
Chapter 26.1-36.10 - Prescription Drug Costs
Chapter 26.1-36.11 - Comprehensive Medication Management
Chapter 26.1-37 - Credit Insurance
Chapter 26.1-38.1 - Life and Health Insurance Guaranty Association
Chapter 26.1-39 - Property and Casualty Insurance
Chapter 26.1-39.1 - Property and Casualty Insurance Certificates
Chapter 26.1-39.2 - Residential Contractor Contracts
Chapter 26.1-40 - Automobile Insurance and Warranties
Chapter 26.1-40.1 - Transportation Network Company Insurance
Chapter 26.1-40.2 - Delivery Networks
Chapter 26.1-41 - Auto Accident Reparations
Chapter 26.1-42.1 - Insurance Guaranty Association
Chapter 26.1-43 - Legal Expense Insurance
Chapter 26.1-44 - Surplus Lines Insurance
Chapter 26.1-45 - Long-Term Care Insurance
Chapter 26.1-46 - Risk Retention Groups and Purchasing Groups
Chapter 26.1-47 - Preferred Provider Organizations
Chapter 26.1-48 - Aircraft Aftermarket Risk Contracts and Insurance
Chapter 26.1-49 - Health Provider Cooperatives
Chapter 26.1-50 - North Dakota Low-Risk Incentive Fund
Chapter 26.1-51 - Self-Critical Insurance Analysis Privilege
Chapter 26.1-52 - Property Insurance Placement Facility
Chapter 26.1-53.1 - Discount Plans
Chapter 26.1-54 - American Health Benefit Exchange
Chapter 26.1-55 - Unclaimed Life Insurance Benefits
Chapter 26.1-57 - Guaranteed Asset Protection Waivers
Chapter 26.1-58 - Travel Insurance
Chapter 26.1-59 - Interstate Insurance Product Regulation Compact
Title 27 - Judicial Branch of Government
Chapter 27-01 - General Provisions
Chapter 27-02 - Supreme Court
Chapter 27-02.1 - Court of Appeals
Chapter 27-02.2 - Attorney Recruitment Program
Chapter 27-03 - Clerk of Supreme Court
Chapter 27-04 - Other Officials of Supreme Court
Chapter 27-05 - District Courts
Chapter 27-05.2 - Clerk of District Court Funding and Fees
Chapter 27-08.1 - Small Claims Court
Chapter 27-09.1 - Uniform Jury Selection and Service Act
Chapter 27-10 - Contempts
Chapter 27-11 - Admission to Bar
Chapter 27-12 - State Bar Association of North Dakota
Chapter 27-13 - Conduct of Attorneys
Chapter 27-14 - Disbarment or Suspension of Attorneys
Chapter 27-15 - Judicial Conference
Chapter 27-17 - Retirement of Judges
Chapter 27-19 - Indian Civil Jurisdiction
Chapter 27-19.1 - Indian Child Welfare
Chapter 27-20.1 - Guardianship of a Child
Chapter 27-20.2 - Juvenile Court Act
Chapter 27-20.3 - Child Welfare
Chapter 27-20.4 - Delinquency
Chapter 27-21 - Division of Juvenile Services
Chapter 27-23 - Judicial Conduct Commission
Chapter 27-24 - Temporary Judges
Chapter 27-25 - Judicial Nominating Committee
Chapter 27-27 - Task Force on Guardianship Monitoring
Title 28 - Judicial Procedure, Civil
Chapter 28-01 - Time for Commencing Actions
Chapter 28-01.2 - Uniform Conflict of Laws - Limitations Act
Chapter 28-01.3 - Products Liability
Chapter 28-01.4 - Aviation Manufacturer Products Liability
Chapter 28-03 - Guardians Ad Litem
Chapter 28-04 - Venue
Chapter 28-04.1 - Jurisdiction by Agreement of Parties
Chapter 28-05 - Lis Pendens
Chapter 28-06.2 - Service of Process on United States
Chapter 28-14 - Trial by Jury
Chapter 28-20 - Judgments
Chapter 28-20.1 - Enforcement of Foreign Judgments
Chapter 28-20.3 - Uniform Foreign Money Judgments Recognition Act
Chapter 28-21 - Execution of the Judgment
Chapter 28-22 - Exemptions
Chapter 28-23 - Sales Under Execution
Chapter 28-24 - Redemption of Real Estate
Chapter 28-25 - Proceedings Supplementary to the Execution
Chapter 28-26 - Costs and Disbursements
Chapter 28-27 - Appeals to Supreme Court
Chapter 28-29 - Relief From Defaults and Hardships
Chapter 28-31 - Practice Before Supreme Court
Chapter 28-32 - Administrative Agencies Practice Act
Chapter 28-33 - Interpreters for Deaf Persons
Chapter 28-34 - Local Governing Body Decision Appeal
Chapter 28-35 - Uniform Adult Guardianship and Protective Proceedings Jurisdiction Act
Title 29 - Judicial Procedure, Criminal
Chapter 29-01 - General Provisions
Chapter 29-02 - Prevention of Public Offenses
Chapter 29-03 - Local Jurisdiction of Public Offenses
Chapter 29-04 - Limitations
Chapter 29-05 - The Complaint and Warrant of Arrest
Chapter 29-06 - Arrest
Chapter 29-06.1 - Tribal Arrest Warrants
Chapter 29-07 - Preliminary Examinations
Chapter 29-08 - Bail
Chapter 29-10.1 - Grand Jury
Chapter 29-10.2 - State Grand Jury
Chapter 29-12 - Process Upon Information and Indictment
Chapter 29-15 - Removal of Cause and Change of Judge
Chapter 29-16 - Method of Trial
Chapter 29-17 - Trial Jury
Chapter 29-19 - Continuance
Chapter 29-21 - Trial
Chapter 29-22 - Jury After Submission of Cause and Verdict
Chapter 29-23 - Proceedings After Verdict and Before Judgment
Chapter 29-25 - Motion in Arrest of Judgment
Chapter 29-26 - Judgment and Sentence
Chapter 29-27 - Execution
Chapter 29-28 - Appeals
Chapter 29-29 - Search Warrants
Chapter 29-29.1 - Administrative Search Warrants
Chapter 29-29.2 - Wiretapping in Drug Offense Investigations
Chapter 29-29.3 - Pen Registers and Trap and Trace Devices
Chapter 29-29.4 - Surveillance by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Chapter 29-29.5 - Confidential Informants
Chapter 29-29.6 - Tracking Warrants
Chapter 29-30.3 - Uniform Extradition and Rendition Act
Chapter 29-31.1 - Property Forfeiture and Disposition
Chapter 29-32.1 - Uniform Postconviction Procedure Act
Chapter 29-33 - Uniform Mandatory Disposition of Detainers Act
Chapter 29-34 - Interstate Agreement on Detainers
Title 30 - Judicial Procedure, Probate
Title 30.1 - Uniform Probate Code
Chapter 30.1-01 - Short Title - Construction - General Provisions - Definitions
Chapter 30.1-02 - Scope, Jurisdiction, and Courts
Chapter 30.1-03 - Notice - Parties - Representation and Other Matters
Chapter 30.1-04 - Intestate Succession
Chapter 30.1-05 - Elective Share of Surviving Spouse
Chapter 30.1-06 - Spouse and Children Unprovided for in Wills
Chapter 30.1-07 - Exempt Property and Allowances
Chapter 30.1-08 - Wills
Chapter 30.1-08.1 - Ante-Mortem Probate of Wills
Chapter 30.1-08.2 - International Wills
Chapter 30.1-09 - Rules of Construction - Contractual Arrangements Relating to Death
Chapter 30.1-09.1 - Rules of Construction of Governing Instrument
Chapter 30.1-10 - General Provisions
Chapter 30.1-10.1 - Disclaimer of Property Interests
Chapter 30.1-11 - Custody and Deposit of Wills
Chapter 30.1-12 - General Provisions
Chapter 30.1-13 - Venue - Priority to Administer - Demand for Notice
Chapter 30.1-14 - Informal Probate and Appointment Proceedings
Chapter 30.1-15 - Formal Testacy and Appointment Proceedings
Chapter 30.1-16 - Supervised Administration
Chapter 30.1-17 - Personal Representative - Appointment, Control, and Termination
Chapter 30.1-18 - Powers and Duties of Personal Representatives
Chapter 30.1-19 - Creditors' Claims
Chapter 30.1-20 - Special Provisions Relating to Distribution
Chapter 30.1-21 - Closing Estates
Chapter 30.1-22 - Compromise of Controversies
Chapter 30.1-23 - Collection by Affidavit - Administration for Small Estates
Chapter 30.1-24 - Definitions - Powers of Foreign Personal Representatives
Chapter 30.1-25 - Foreign Representatives - Judgments and Personal Representatives
Chapter 30.1-26 - General Provisions
Chapter 30.1-27 - Guardians of Minors
Chapter 30.1-28 - Guardians of Incapacitated Persons
Chapter 30.1-29 - Protection of Property of Persons Under Disability and Minors
Chapter 30.1-30 - Uniform Durable Power of Attorney Act
Chapter 30.1-31 - Nonprobate Transfers on Death
Chapter 30.1-32.1 - Uniform Real Property Transfer on Death Act
Chapter 30.1-35 - Effective Date - Transition
Chapter 30.1-36 - Supported Decisionmaking Agreements
Chapter 30.1-37 - Uniform Electronic Wills Act
Title 31 - Judicial Proof
Chapter 31-01 - Witnesses, Their Qualifications, Rights, and Duties
Chapter 31-02 - Examination of Adverse Parties [Superseded by North Dakota Rules of Civil Procedure]